Lifecycle Carbon Calculator

# Lifecycle Carbon Calculator for Construction

## Overview

Calculate embodied carbon (EC) and lifecycle carbon emissions for construction materials, assemblies, and projects. Support sustainable design decisions and carbon reduction targets.

## Business Case

Carbon calculation supports:
- **Regulatory Compliance**: Meet carbon reporting requirements
- **Green Certifications**: LEED, BREEAM, Living Building Challenge
- **Design Optimization**: Choose lower-carbon alternatives
- **Sustainability Goals**: Track progress toward net-zero

## Technical Implementation

```python
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
from enum import Enum
import pandas as pd

class LifecycleStage(Enum):
    A1_A3 = "Product Stage (A1-A3)"  # Raw materials, transport, manufacturing
    A4 = "Transport to Site (A4)"
    A5 = "Construction (A5)"
    B1_B7 = "Use Stage (B1-B7)"  # Maintenance, repair, replacement
    C1_C4 = "End of Life (C1-C4)"  # Demolition, transport, disposal
    D = "Beyond Lifecycle (D)"  # Reuse, recycling potential

@dataclass
class MaterialCarbon:
    material_id: str
    name: str
    category: str
    unit: str
    carbon_a1_a3: float  # kgCO2e per unit
    carbon_a4: float
    carbon_a5: float
    carbon_b: float
    carbon_c: float
    carbon_d: float  # Usually negative (credit)
    density: float  # kg/m³ if applicable
    source: str
    epd_url: str = ""

@dataclass
class AssemblyCarbon:
    assembly_id: str
    name: str
    materials: List[Dict[str, Any]]
    total_carbon: float
    carbon_by_stage: Dict[str, float]

@dataclass
class ProjectCarbon:
    project_id: str
    name: str
    gross_area: float
    assemblies: List[AssemblyCarbon]
    total_embodied_carbon: float
    carbon_per_area: float
    carbon_by_stage: Dict[str, float]
    carbon_by_category: Dict[str, float]
    benchmark_comparison: Dict[str, Any]

class LifecycleCarbonCalc...